RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
The science behind NESA® technology
Scientific development with international collaboration in bioelectricity and the autonomic nervous system.
16 studies published in indexed journals by independent researchers. We bring together the evidence, results, agreements and conferences in a single experience for healthcare professionals, institutions and partners who require rigour, traceability and an applied perspective on the autonomic nervous system.
international presence
and academic collaborations
We do one thing.
Everything else follows.
NESA WORLD® develops non-invasive neuromodulation technology using microcurrents. That is our sole mission. Everything you see in this section — the studies, the clinical results, the conferences and the partnerships — is the result of doing that one thing well.
This page brings together the scientific evidence generated by independent researchers, the network of universities and hospitals that have chosen to study NESA® technology, our active lines of research and our international presence at specialist conferences.
Our role is to develop the best possible technology. Science’s role is to validate it independently.
Evidence for NESA Microcurrents
Experts in autonomic nervous system modulation through non-invasive neuromodulation.
Sleep · Cognition · Pain · Vascular
Acute vascular response: carotid artery and autonomic nervous system
Increase in luminal diameter and carotid area, with a reduction in intima–media thickness versus placebo.
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Design: Randomised placebo-controlled clinical trial
Sample: 40 healthy adults
Journal: Frontiers in Neuroscience, 2024
STUDY HIGHLIGHTS
- The NESA intervention showed immediate sonographic changes in the common carotid artery versus placebo.
- An increase in cross-sectional area and luminal diameter was observed, together with a reduction in intima–media thickness.
- Heart rate decreased after the session, with no relevant changes in blood pressure or peak systolic velocity.
Clinical relevance: First evidence of acute vascular change measurable by ultrasound after non-invasive neuromodulation.
Source: Mínguez-Esteban I, De la Cueva-Reguera M, Abuín-Porras V, Romero-Morales C, Almazán-Polo J, Bravo-Aguilar M. Acute sonographic changes in common carotid artery after NESA neuromodulation intervention in healthy adults: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Frontiers in Neuroscience. 2024. DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1562356.
Overactive bladder: NESA vs tibial stimulation
Both therapies improved symptoms; NESA added a differentiated signal in quality of life and sleep.
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Design: Preliminary randomised controlled trial
Sample: 24 women with overactive bladder
Journal: Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2025
STUDY HIGHLIGHTS
- Both NESA and posterior tibial nerve stimulation improved urinary symptoms and bladder control after 10 sessions.
- Only the NESA group showed a significant improvement in quality of life and a stronger signal at the 2-month follow-up.
- Sleep quality also improved in the NESA group, with a reduction in PSQI that exceeds the threshold for clinical relevance described for this scale.
Clinical relevance: First RCT comparing NESA with tibial stimulation in overactive bladder, with superior results in quality of life.
Source: Blasco-Bonora PM, Medina-Ramírez R, Pardo-Sievers BG, Muñoz-Gómez E, Inglés M, Fuentes-Aparicio L. Non-Invasive Autonomic Neuromodulation for Overactive Bladder: A Comparative Pilot Trial of NESA and Tibial Nerve Stimulation. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2025;14:8881. DOI: 10.3390/jcm14248881.
Professional basketball: physiological recovery
After competition, NESA reduced minimum nocturnal heart rate, mean heart rate and time awake during the night.
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Design: Preliminary randomised clinical trial
Sample: 12 professional basketball players
Journal: Frontiers in Physiology, 2022
STUDY HIGHLIGHTS
- Players treated with NESA showed lower minimum and mean heart rate during sleep than the placebo group.
- Less time awake during the night was also observed, with the clearest signal concentrated in nocturnal recovery.
- Biomarkers and subjective well-being remained similar between groups, placing the main effect in the physiology of recovery during rest.
Clinical relevance: First evidence that autonomic neuromodulation improves physiological recovery in professional athletes.
Source: García F, Fernández D, Vázquez-Guerrero J, Font R, Moreno-Planas B, Álamo-Arce D, Medina-Ramírez R, Mallol-Soler M. Recovery of the physiological status in professional basketball players using NESA neuromodulation treatment during different types of microcycles in season: A preliminary randomized clinical trial. Frontiers in Physiology. 2022;13:1032020. DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1032020.
Professional basketball: physiological recovery
After competition, NESA reduced minimum nocturnal heart rate, mean heart rate and time awake during the night.
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Design: Preliminary randomised clinical trial
Sample: 12 professional basketball players
Journal: Frontiers in Physiology, 2022
STUDY HIGHLIGHTS
- Players treated with NESA showed lower minimum and mean heart rate during sleep than the placebo group.
- Less time awake during the night was also observed, with the clearest signal concentrated in nocturnal recovery.
- Biomarkers and subjective well-being remained similar between groups, placing the main effect in the physiology of recovery during rest.
Clinical relevance: Replicates findings in young populations, reinforcing the consistency of results in sports.
Source: Medina-Ramírez R, Mallol Soler M, García F, Pla F, Báez-Suárez A, Teruel Hernández E, Álamo-Arce DD, Quintana-Montesdeoca M del P. Effects in Sleep and Recovery Processes of NESA Neuromodulation Technique Application in Young Professional Basketball Players: A Preliminary Study. Stresses. 2024;4:238–250. DOI: 10.3390/stresses4020014.
Urology · Gastroenterology · Paediatrics · Neurodevelopment
Child neurodevelopment: sleep and constipation
+1.74 h of sleep and -69.5% in nocturnal interruptions after 4 weeks.
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Design: Before-and-after clinical study
Sample: 23 minors with neurodevelopmental disorders
Journal: BMC Pediatrics, 2023
STUDY HIGHLIGHTS
- Sleep hours increased from 7.35 to 9.09 and nocturnal interruptions fell from 3.83 to 1.17.
- Bowel patterns also improved: 90% of those with fewer than 3 bowel movements per week moved to 3–6 per week or daily.
- No adverse events were recorded during the study, reinforcing the safety and tolerability of the approach.
Clinical relevance: First evidence of simultaneous benefit in sleep and bowel transit in children.
Source: Báez-Suárez A, Padrón-Rodríguez I, Castellano-Moreno E, González-González E, Quintana-Montesdeoca MP, Medina-Ramirez RI. Application of non-invasive neuromodulation in children with neurodevelopmental disorders to improve their sleep quality and constipation. BMC Pediatrics. 2023;23:465. DOI: 10.1186/s12887-023-04307-4.
ASD pilot: sleep, behaviour and sensory profile
Favourable descriptive trend in sleep, behaviour and sensory profile, with the strongest signal in the higher-load P7–P8 protocols.
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Design: Pilot feasibility study
Sample: 12 minors with ASD completed the protocol
Journal: Children, 2025
STUDY HIGHLIGHTS
- In the descriptive average of completers, CSHQ, ABC-C, SP-2 and family Pittsburgh scores shifted in a favourable direction.
- Eighty-six per cent completed all sessions, and no adverse effects or discomfort were reported during the intervention.
- The protocols with a higher load of programmes 7 and 8 showed the most consistent signal, helping to guide the design of future trials.
Clinical relevance: Opens a line of research in ASD with results in behavior, sensory processing and the gut.
Source: Molina-Cedrés F, Medina-Ramírez R, Báez-Suárez A, Vílchez-Barrera M, García-Quintana M, Hernandez-Pérez A, García-Rodríguez I, Álamo-Arce D, Etopa-Bitata M del P. Impact of NESA Non-Invasive Neuromodulation on Sleep, Behavior, and Sensory Profile in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Children. 2025;12:1599. DOI: 10.3390/children12121599.
Female long COVID: dysautonomia
+62.9% in tibial PPT and temporary improvements in sleep, fatigue and HRV.
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Design: Randomised triple-blind pilot study
Sample: 16 women with post-COVID-19 condition
Journal: Brain Sciences, 2025
STUDY HIGHLIGHTS
- The tibial pain threshold rose from 2.05 to 3.34 kg/cm² in the experimental group, while the control group fell at T1 and ended with almost no net change.
- SDNN increased in the experimental group, whereas the control group ended with values below baseline.
- Sleep and fatigue improved over time in both arms; the sample size means the findings should be interpreted as a pilot signal.
Clinical relevance: First approach to Long COVID from the perspective of the ANS with non-invasive neuromodulation.
Source: Melián-Ortíz A, Zurdo-Sayalero E, Perpiñá-Martínez S, Delgado-Lacosta A, Jiménez-Antona C, Fernández-Carnero J, Laguarta-Val S. Superficial Neuromodulation in Dysautonomia in Women with Post-COVID-19 Condition: A Pilot Study. Brain Sciences. 2025;15:510. DOI: 10.3390/brainsci15050510.
Post-traumatic cervicalgia
+23.15° in cervical rotation, with -2.3 points in pain and -11.4 points in disability.
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Design: Multicentre observational study
Sample: 21 patients with grade I–II whiplash-associated disorder
Journal: International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation, 2024
STUDY HIGHLIGHTS
- The greatest mobility gain was observed in rotation, followed by lateral flexion, extension and flexion.
- Cervical pain fell by 2.3 points on the VAS and disability dropped by 11.4 points after the programme.
- Biomechanical improvement and pain reduction progressed in parallel, reinforcing the functional reading of the treatment.
Clinical relevance: Evidence in post-traumatic cervical pain with functional improvement and nociceptive threshold.
Source: Bonilla-Eizaguirre M, Martín M, Hernández-Pérez A, Vílchez-Barrera M, Medina-Ramírez R, Báez-Suárez A. Efficacy of NESA Non-Invasive Neuromodulation in Patients with Post-Traumatic Cervicalgia. International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation. 2024. DOI: 10.51244/IJRSI.2024.1110038.
The 16 studies included in the NESA® microcurrents dossier
16 studies published in indexed journals. Each record includes the authors, study design, sample size, journal, clickable DOI, key findings, clinical relevance and full citation.
Active lines of research
We make the technology available to anyone who wants to study it. Researchers, universities, hospitals, and clinical groups design their protocols, recruit their samples, analyze their data, and publish in the journals of their choice. All studies published to date are independent research. That is the only way to generate evidence that a healthcare professional can take seriously.
Scientific network and partnerships
An independent academic and healthcare network studies NESA® technology within its own clinical and research settings. Universities, hospitals, teaching units and collaborating centres design and conduct their studies with complete scientific autonomy.
All evidence is independent
Each of the 16 published studies has been designed, conducted and published by research teams external to NESA WORLD®. We do not participate in protocol design, variable selection or data analysis. Our role is limited to facilitating access to the technology. Scientific rigour is provided by the researchers.
Access to the technology
If your university, hospital or clinical group wishes to research non-invasive microcurrent neuromodulation, we can facilitate access to NESA® technology so that you can design and conduct your own study.
Complete autonomy
Researchers define their protocol, recruit their patients, analyse their data and choose the journal in which to publish, without intervention or supervision from NESA WORLD®.
Transparency
All studies, together with their DOIs, are available on this page. Any professional can verify the evidence directly in the indexed journals.
If you would like to learn more about the NESA WORLD® scientific ecosystem
Solicita el dossier científico completo, los resúmenes porespecialidad, la tabla maestra de evidencia o el pack de gráficas editoriales para tu equipo.
Request resources
- Available resources: Full scientific dossier (PDF, updated every six months)
- Speciality-specific summaries (condensed fact sheets by clinical area)
- Master evidence table (Excel/PDF with all studies, designs, outcomes and metrics)
- Editorial graphics pack (high-resolution images adapted to the NESA® brand)
Discover the NESA XSIGNAL® Medical Device.
NESA XSIGNAL® is a Class IIa medical device designed for a single purpose: non-invasive neuromodulation of the autonomic nervous system.
Through subsensory microcurrents applied at distal low-impedance points, it helps restore the balance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems — with no sensory perception for the patient and no interference with your clinical protocol.
The outcome observed by professionals who integrate it into their practice is a wider therapeutic window: patients who rest better, tolerate more, and respond sooner.