SLEEP REHABILITATION UNITS
Do you want to know sleep medicine in depth?
The 4SleepDrive method is aimed at all health professionals who want to specialize in sleep medicine and be up to date on all the news about this very important science.
SLEEP REHABILITATION UNITS
We are a team made up of neurologists, pulmonologists, cardiologists, physiotherapists, clinical psychologists and neurophysiologists, who have created this integrative method, to unify, share and grow together in the understanding of sleep and its clinical implications.
the deepest knowledge
of the dream as First Pillar
PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY OF SLEEP
THE ABSOLUTE KNOWLEDGE OF THE DREAM
"Lack of sleep affects everything from your motor skills to your reaction time." Amy Morin.
Mastering the nature of sleep from its bases is essential, especially when it comes to detecting the type of dysfunction, knowing how to identify it, to later address it and analyze it fully with all our tools and knowledge.
From the perspective of biochemistry, biophysics, biopsychoemotional and bioelectric.
We give you all the knowledge about its neuroanatomy, its physiology, sleep pathologies, association of sleep with other pathologies, sleep evaluation methods, non-invasive euromodulation, and a long etc…
We give you all the knowledge about its neuroanatomy, its physiology, sleep pathologies, association of sleep with other pathologies, sleep evaluation methods, non-invasive neuromodulation, and a long etc...
SLEEP NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
It can be said that an essential part of our existence is sleep. Sleep is a reversible situation characterized by a sensory disconnection in which there is no temporary control of the environment around us. Sleep is not a biological function, it is a physiological state different from that of wakefulness, and in which changes are established in the different biological functions.
Until the middle of the 20th century, sleep was understood as a passive phenomenon, as a pure cerebral disconnection. Currently, sleep is no longer understood as a passive state of inactivity that occurs when the organs are fatigued and need to rest. Sleep is understood as an active state, that is, brain mechanisms that activate brain regions that induce sleep function are observed. In fact, it can be determined that sleep is linked to the control of different endocrine and metabolic functions, such as the case of hormone release, carbohydrate metabolism, weight control and appetite.
Sleep is defined as a state in which consciousness is partially and temporarily disconnected from the individual's environment. We cannot say that the disconnection is total, since, during the brain activity of the REM phase, the brain is in a state very similar to that of wakefulness; this state of partial disconnection is physiological and reversible.
Physiologically, sleep is absolutely necessary. Not sleeping in a fork of 10 to 30 days leads to the death of the individual. While sleeping, the chances of survival and reproduction increase. When sleeping, a metabolic storage of repair, restoration and energetic preparation for the new day is carried out. This is why sleep has a close relationship with the state of health, influencing the physical and psychological aspects of the person. In fact, lack of sleep is directly linked to pathologies such as stress, anxiety and depression in the psychological sphere, or cardiovascular risk, diabetes mellitus and obesity in the physical sphere.
The stability of the parasympathetic
is ours Second Pillar
BIOELECTRICAL REORGANIZATION
THE NEUROMODULATION OF
VEGETATIVE NERVOUS SYSTEM
An essential pillar is the neuromodulation of the parasympathetic nervous system, one of the pillars for optimal recovery of the patient's sleep quality.
Lowering the patient's sympathicotonia through non-invasive neuromodulation and in synergy with all the strategies and tools for improving sleep is the basis of success in the 4SleepDrive® method.
For the stabilization of the autonomic nervous system with non-invasive NESA® neuromodulation it is important to know the pathophysiology of sleep.
ELECTRICAL PHYSIOLOGY OF NESA GLOBAL NEUROMODULATION
NESA non-invasive global neuromodulation is based on percutaneous treatment with electric microcurrent, which is governed by Wilder's law and the concept of hormesis, causing imperceptible sensations through low impedance areas. The effect of the electric current is multiplied thanks to its delivery through multiple pathways that structurally cover the entire body, through the electrodes of the extremities and the guider. The foundation of non-invasive NESA neuromodulation is “topographic electrostimulation”, this means that the impact of a weak electrical signal is amplified thanks to its input through multiple pathways. In order for this input to be as effective as possible, it is necessary to configure a structured and dynamic electrical current supply circuit, which encompasses the input points that jointly connect with the autonomic nervous system and related physiological functions, and also includes central pathways (central nervous system).
After the inputs are globally processed by the central nervous system (CNS), a series of neuromodulated responses of the stochastic neuronal cascades of the autonomic nervous system are generated, causing variations in the endogenous responses of those dysfunctional or pathological bioelectric systems.
It is due to this unique characteristic that NESA global neuromodulation has enormous potential for clinical applications in the field of sleep medicine. The mechanisms in general terms that explain it are (Rocha et al., 2019):
- Modulation of neural cascades of the autonomic nervous system.
- Modification of orthodromic impulses that activate descending inhibitory tracts.
- Activation or inhibition of afferent and descending regulation mechanisms of neuromodulators and neurotransmitters.
Record sleep objectively
What Third Pillar
SLEEP RECORD
OBJECTIVELY ANALYZE SLEEP AND THE AUTONOMOUS NERVOUS SYSTEM
« If you don't measure, you don't know where you are » Anonymous.
From the 4SleepDrive® method we attach great importance to knowledge and mastery of scientific sleep assessment tools. Knowing where the patient is is crucial in relation to his sleep dysfunction, in order to be able to accompany him in his evolution and approach the best treatment strategy.
We provide you with knowledge about validated actigraphy, polysomniography, cardiac variability, electroencephalography, obstructive assessments, medical validation test, cortisol, amylase and IgA measurements, and updating it with the news that comes out internationally.
Work collaboratively with everyone
the specialists is ours fourth pillar
WORK IN AN INCLUSIVE WAY
COLLABORATE WITH ALL THE SPECIALISTS
OF SLEEP IS THE BASIS OF SUCCESS
“Working as a team divides the work and multiplies the results”, Anonymous.
Working with all sleep specialists is a fundamental pillar for success. Once we know how to distinguish the patient's sleep dysfunctions, work together with pulmonologists, neurologists, dentists, cardiologists, clinical psychologists, physiotherapists, nutritionists and neurophysiologists; allows the patient's improvement to be almost guaranteed.
Knowing when the patient requires support in the approach is to multiply the chances of improvement. We help with our experience to reach collaboration agreements with other specialists in the area.
Wilder's law or Law of initial value is an empirical-statistical rule that states that the stimulus, if it exists, the response will also be standard with a decrease in the initial stimulus. That is, the change in the initial stimulus will be less the greater the initial value. In other words, “the magnitude of the psychophysiological changes depends on the initial tonic level from which one starts. If the tonic level is high, then the responses or changes are smaller than if the tonic level is low” (Mattson, 2008) and this concept is part of the application of NESA microcurrents.
Linked to Wilder's law is the concept of hormesis; which can be defined as "the process by which exposure to a low dose of a chemical agent or environmental factor, which is harmful at high doses, induces an adaptive response and/or a beneficial effect in the cell or organism" ( Calabrese & Baldwin, 1999). This indicates that through the hormesis of a stimulus (slowly low dose) a pre-existing stimulus can be modulated. If we extrapolate it to neural models; the application through Wilder's law and hormesis of electrical stimuli can modulate the existing firings that may be altered due to a pathology, modifying their threshold and therefore causing modulated and different efferent responses, depending on the objectives pursued (Henry et al., 2016; Vidal et al., 2019).
Therefore, the application of NESA microcurrents with their determined physical characteristics causes an input at low and constant doses that can neuromodulate neuronal action potentials, affected by an abnormality in their functioning, causing endogenous changes and adaptive responses with the aim of improve the affected system. Although it is true, stimuli of these characteristics are demonstrating that neuronal plasticity can be generated, generating neuronal connections that normalize the function that has been electrically altered.
Join the 4SleepDrive® method and become an expert sleep professional.
Teamwork among all specialists in addressing and recording sleep is our premise.
It is part of the continuous training, efficient and easy to establish in your daily clinical practice and the best thing: that it is in constant evolution from the perspective of knowledge and implementation in the clinic.
IS SLEEP A PROBLEM IN OUR SOCIETY?
Sleep problems, including difficulty falling or staying asleep, waking up early in the morning without resuming sleep, and an inconsistent sleep/wake pattern, are common in the general population. Studies from countries around the world have reported a prevalence of sleep problems affecting up to 56% of the population in Western countries, while other research has highlighted that sleep problems may be increasing in some countries/populations. The fact that so many people experience sleep problems is alarming given that they have been linked to a variety of detrimental outcomes. Specifically, sleep problems have been associated with major medical conditions such as heart and lung disease, osteoporosis and bodily pain, disability, poor quality of life, while there is also evidence that insomnia may result in increased mortality risk.
Sleep problems have also been linked to various mental disorders, including depression. In fact, insomnia is considered a core symptom of depression. Research has indicated that sleep problems/symptoms of insomnia, such as difficulty initiating and maintaining sleep and early morning awakening, are common in mood disorders and that up to 90 % of depressed patients they may experience poor quality sleep.
Koyanagi, A. & Stickley, A. The association between sleep problems and psychotic symptoms in the general population: a global perspective. Sleep. 38, 1875–1885
Leger, D., Poursain, B., Neubauer, D. & Uchiyama, M. An international survey of sleeping problems in the general population. Curr Med Res Opin. 24, 307–317
Hoyos, C., Glozier, N. & Marshall, NS Recent evidence on worldwide trends on sleep duration. Curr Sleep Medicine Rep. 1, 195–204 (2015)
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SPECIALIZED SLEEP TRAINING
4SleepDrive® method training
Basic training is carried out online on 90% and 3 practical days at the Infirmorum Faculty of the University of Salamanca in Madrid. There is also an option to do it 100% online.
Once you have reached this level, you can become a member of the subscription for healthcare professionals of the 4SleepDrive method, which includes:
- Access to the Campus 4SleepDrive online platform where there are dozens of hours of content on sleep
- Visibility on the map of b
- Clinical search for sleep rehabilitation unit 4SleepDrive.
- Access every month to 4 videos of the most useful sleep update reports.
- Access to extra videos on how to integrate new sleep assessment or treatment technologies.
Science Update
The entire research and academic team is registered with international and national sleep associations, receiving the latest publications of high scientific impact.
All members subscribed to the 4SleepDrive® methodology are given the latest research every month and a video report of the featured articles in a very didactic and summarized way. With the aim that what has been learned can always be applied to the clinical part.
The most important thing is that all this science is shown with the intention of being able to introduce new implementations of approach and registration in the daily clinic, for better patient care.
The science of sleep has a fairly recent expansion.
From 2007 to 2012, original scientific submissions (excludes review articles, case reports, editorials, and abstracts) doubled.
As an example, over the same 6-year period, the total number of original scientific articles published with “sleep” as the keyword increased by approximately 50% worldwide. The overall increase in original scientific articles with "sleep" as a keyword during the 10-year period from 2003 to 2012 was 101% (i.e. double), to a total of 6,081 scientific articles related to some aspect of sleep that were published in 2012.
Unsurprisingly, during this 10-year period, the number of scientific journals with "dream" in the title also more than doubled worldwide.
At the same time, original scientific articles on sleep have appeared with increasing frequency in journals focused more broadly on biological rhythms, cardiovascular function, neuroscience, and respiration, among other areas.
As an example a meta-analysis (Eur. Heart J. 32, 1484–1492 (2011) found:****************************
Over the past 10 years, high-impact medical and general science journals, e.g. Eg Cell, Current Biology, JAMA, Lancet, Nature, PNAS, Science, have also augmented the original science publication on sleep.
From 4SleepDrive® we are constantly updated from the American Sleep Society, the Spanish Sleep Society and from the leading magazines in reference to sleep medicine, in order to be able to transmit it to all members of the 4SleepDrive method.
CONTINUING RESEARCH
All members enrolled in the 4SleepDrive® methodology have the full support of the entire community of health professionals and institutions with research laboratories at their disposal.
Scientific writing professionals, autonomic nervous system research laboratories, statisticians, clinical professionals to establish research synergies, communication structure to recruit patients for participation in clinical trials or research work, etc...
With the main reason for you to participate in high-level research and be able to enter into the dynamics of publishing in various scientific journals.
